Fawzia pahlavi biography of abraham

Fawzia of Egypt

Queen of Iran from 1941 to 1948

For other uses, see Potentate Fawzia of Egypt (disambiguation).

Fawzia of Egypt (Arabic: فوزية; 5 November 1921 – 2 July 2013), also known primate Fawzia Pahlavi or Fawzia Chirine, was an Egyptian princess who became Sovereign of Iran as the first mate of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah disturb Iran. Fawzia was the daughter reminiscent of Fuad I, seventh son of Ismail the Magnificent. Her marriage to high-mindedness Iranian Crown Prince in 1939 was a political deal: it consolidated Afrasian power and influence in the Nucleus East, while bringing respectability to nobleness new Iranian regime by association work stoppage the much more prestigious Egyptian be in touch house. Fawzia obtained an Egyptian disunion in 1948, under which their flavour daughter Princess Shahnaz would be misuse up in Iran. Fawzia, who was known as the "sad queen" preparation the press, lived in isolation keep from silence after the 1952 Egyptian coup d'‚tat and never published her memories diagram the court of Iran and Empire.

In 1949, Fawzia married Colonel Ismail Chirine, an Egyptian diplomat, with whom she had a son and top-notch daughter.

Early life and education

Princess Fawzia was born Her Sultanic Highness Potentate Fawzia bint Fuad at Ras el-Tin Palace, Alexandria, the eldest daughter chief Sultan Fuad I of Egypt elitist Sudan (later King Fuad I), be first his second wife, Nazli Sabri cry 5 November 1921.[2] Princess Fawzia was of Albanian and Circassian descent proud her father's side, and French elitist Egyptian descent from her mother.[3][4][5] Other mother's maternal grandfather was Major Accepted Mohamed Sherif Pasha, prime minister coupled with minister of foreign affairs, who was of Turkish-Circassian origin.[6] She was rendering great-great-granddaughter of Muhammad Ali of Empire as well as the great-granddaughter endorse the French-born officer Suleiman Pasha.[7] Suleiman Pasha served under Napoleon, converted joke Islam, and oversaw an overhaul end the Egyptian army under her great-great-grandfather Muhammad Ali Pasha the Great.

In addition to her sisters, Faiza, Faika and Fathia, and her brother, Farouk,[8] she had two half-siblings, Fawkia station Ismail, from her father's previous extra to Princess Shwikar Khanum Effendi. Crowned head Fawzia was fluent in English pole French in addition to her innate Arabic.[9]

Her beauty was often compared practice that of film stars Hedy Lamarr and Vivien Leigh.[10]

Marriage

The marriage of Emperor Fawzia to Iran's Crown Prince Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was planned by interpretation latter's father, Rezā Shāh.[11] A declassified CIA report in May 1972 declared the union as a political move.[12] The marriage was also significant cattle that it united a Sunni kingly, the princess, and a Shia monarchical, the crown prince.[13] The Pahlavis were a parvenu house as Reza Caravanserai, the son of a peasant who entered the Iranian Army as tidy private, rising up to become wonderful general, had seized power in elegant 1921 coup. He was most be troubled to have the House of Shah married to the House of Muhammad Ali, which had reigned over Empire since 1805.[14]

The Egyptians were not feigned with the gifts sent by Reza Shah to King Farouk to promote him to marry his sister get at the prince Mohammad Reza. When have in mind Iranian delegation arrived in Cairo class arrange the marriage, the Egyptians took the Iranians on a tour fall foul of the palaces built by Isma'il Pacha, known as "Isma'il the Magnificent", scolding show them proper royal splendor.[15] Solemn Farouk was not initially interested name marrying off his sister to rank Crown Prince of Iran, but Aly Maher Pasha, the king's favorite factional adviser, persuaded him that a cooperation alliance with Iran would improve Egypt's position within the Islamic world at an earlier time against Britain.[16] At the same about, Maher Pasha was working on construction to marry off Farouk's other sisters to King Faisal II of Irak and to the son of Ruler Abdullah of Jordan, intending to fashion an Egyptian-dominated bloc in the Hub East.[17] To prepare for life divulge Iran, Fawzia was assigned a instructor to teach her Persian.[15]  

Fawzia and Pahlavi were engaged in Haw 1938.[18][19] However, they saw each alcove only once before their wedding.[20] They married at the Abdeen Palace presume Cairo on 15 March 1939.[13][21] Contend Farouk took the couple on dinky tour of Egypt, showing them influence pyramids, Al-Azhar University, and other noted sites.[22] The contrast between the Sovereignty Prince Mohammad Reza, dressed in authority simple uniform of an Iranian bobby, and the lavish opulence of class Egyptian court typified by the pleasantly free-spending Farouk in his expensive suits, was much remarked upon at goodness time.[22] After the wedding, King Farouk had a twenty-course meal to dedicate the nuptials at the Abdeen Palace.[23] At the time Prince Mohammad Reza lived in awe of his arrogant father, Reza Shah, and was immersed in by Farouk, who was considerably repair self-confident.[23] Afterwards, Fawzia departed for Persia together with her mother, Queen Nazli, on a train trip that apophthegm the electricity break down several period, causing the two women to caress like they were going on uncomplicated camping trip.[24]  

When they mutual to Iran the wedding ceremony was repeated at the Marble Palace, Tehran, which was also their future residence.[9][20] As Mohammad Reza spoke no Turki (one of the languages of nobleness Egyptian elite, the other being French) and Fawzia was described as duration only "competent" in Persian, the two talked to each other in French, accent which both were fluent.[15] Upon entrance in Tehran, Reza Shah had glory main streets of Tehran decorated top banners and arches, and had unmixed celebration at the Amjadieh stadium double-dealing by 25,000 of the Iranian elect with synchronized acrobatics by students mind followed by bastani (Iranian calisthenics), double talk, and football.[25] The wedding dinner was a French-style dinner with "caviar newcomer disabuse of the Caspian Sea", "Consommé Royal", grope, fowl and lamb.[26] Fawzia disliked Reza Khan, whom she described as unmixed violent and thuggish man prone get in touch with attacking people with either his thrash or riding crop.[17] In contrast take a look at the French food she had full-blown up with in Egypt, Fawzia inaugurate the food at the Iranian course of action sub-par.[24] In the same way, Fawzia found that the palaces of Persia could not be compared to probity palaces that she had grown upbringing in Egypt.[22]

Queen of Iran

Following the wedlock, the Princess was granted Iranian nationality.[27] Two years later the crown queen succeeded his exiled father and was to become the Shah of Persia. Soon after her husband's ascent tutorial the throne, Queen Fawzia appeared connect the cover of the 21 Sep 1942, issue of Life magazine, photographed by Cecil Beaton, who described irregular as an "Asian Venus" with "a perfect heart-shaped face and strangely sallow but piercing blue eyes."[21] She neat the newly founded Association for character Protection of Pregnant Women and Family unit (APPWC) in Iran.[28]

With Mohammad Reza Regal Pahlavi, the king of Iran, she had one child, a daughter:[29]

The nuptials was a failure. Fawzia was abjectly unhappy in Iran, and often fail to spot her homeland of Egypt.[31] Fawzia's marketing with her mother-in-law and her sisters-in-law were notably tempestuous as the King Mother and her daughters saw faction as a rival for Mohammad Reza Shah's affections, and the women everlastingly feuded with each other.[32] One all-round Mohammad Reza's sisters broke a pitcher over Fawzia's head.[33] The womanizing Mohammad Reza Shah was frequently unfaithful stop working Fawzia, and was often seen pushing around with other women in Tehran from 1940 onward.[32] Popular rumor locked away it that Fawzia for her lion's share had an affair with her nurse, described as an athletic, handsome person, though her friends insist that that was merely malicious gossip.[33] Fawzia's son-in-law, Ardeshir Zahedi told the Iranian-American diarist Abbas Milani in a 2009 enquire about the rumors: "She is uncluttered lady and never veered from rectitude path of purity and fidelity".[33] Circumvent 1944 onward, Fawzia was treated meditate depression by an American psychiatrist, thanks to she stated her marriage was spiffy tidy up loveless one and she desperately required to go back to Egypt.[34]

Queen Fawzia (the title of empress was shed tears yet used in Iran at cruise time) moved to Cairo in Could 1945[35] and obtained an Egyptian severance. The reason for her return was that she viewed Tehran as immature in contrast to modern, cosmopolitan Cairo.[36][37] She consulted an American psychiatrist unadorned Baghdad for her troubles shortly already she left Tehran.[35] On the overpower hand, CIA reports claim that Empress Fawzia ridiculed and humiliated the Queen due to his supposed impotence, eminent to their separation.[37] In her picture perfect Ashraf Pahlavi, twin sister of righteousness Shah, argues that it was rectitude Princess not the Shah who without prompting for divorce.[20] Fawzia left Iran disperse Egypt, and despite numerous attempts position the part of the Shah finish off persuade her to return, she remained put in Cairo.[38] Mohammad Reza be made aware the British ambassador in 1945 roam his mother was "probably the primary obstacle to the return of grandeur Queen".[38]

This divorce was first not acknowledged for several years by Iran, on the other hand eventually an official divorce was erred in Iran, on 17 November 1948, with Queen Fawzia successfully reclaiming unite previous distinction of Princess of Empire as well. A major condition believe the divorce was that her girl be left behind to be strenuous in Iran.[39] Incidentally, Queen Fawzia's relation, King Farouk, also divorced his rule wife, Queen Farida, in November 1948.[39][40]

In the official announcement of the go separate ways, it was stated that "the Iranian climate had endangered the health retard Queen Fawzia, and that thus licence was agreed that the Egyptian King's sister be divorced." In another authoritative statement, the Shah said that justness dissolution of the marriage "cannot taunt by any means the existing conversable relations between Egypt and Iran."[41] Care her divorce Princess Fawzia headed prestige Egyptian court.[36]

Later life

On 28 March 1949, at the Koubba Palace in Town, Princess Fawzia married Colonel Ismail Chirine (or Shirin) (1919–1994), who was dignity eldest son of Hussein Chirine Cut into and his wife, HH Princess Amina Bihruz Khanum Effendi.[42][43] He was undiluted graduate of Trinity College, Cambridge, significant a one-time Egyptian minister of warfare and the navy. Following the combining they lived in an estate eminent by the Princess in Maadi, Cairo.[43][44] They also resided in a dwelling in Smouha, Alexandria.[45] Unlike her be foremost marriage, this time Fawzia married pray love and she was described slightly far happier being married to Colonel Chirine than she ever had bent to the Shah of Iran.[46]

They difficult to understand two children, one daughter and tighten up son:[47]

  • Nadia Chirine (19 December 1950, Cairo[48] – October 2009). She married first (and divorced) Yusuf Shabaan, an Afrasian actor.[45] Her second husband was Mustafa Rashid. She had two daughters, collective with each husband:
  • Hussein Chirine (1955–2016)

Fawzia lived in Egypt after the 1952 Revolution that toppled King Farouk.[49] King Fawzia's death was mistakenly reported drain liquid from January 2005. Journalists had confused subtract with her niece, Princess Fawzia Farouk (1940–2005), one of the three kids of King Farouk.

Death

In her next life, Princess Fawzia lived in Metropolis, where she died on 2 July 2013 at the age of 91.[2][50] Her funeral ceremony was held later noon prayers at Sayeda Nafisa Chapel in Cairo on 3 July.[51] She was buried in Cairo next take a trip her second husband.[21] At her defile, she was the oldest member for the deposed Muhammad Ali dynasty regional in Egypt.

Legacy

A town in Persia, Fawziabad, was named for Princess Fawzia in 1939.[9] A street in Maadi, Cairo, was again named for jettison in 1950 as Amira Fawzia narrow road, but in 1956 it was renamed as Mustafa Kamel street.[52]

Honours

Gallery

  • Queen Fawzia fumble Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlevi and their daughter, Princess Shahnaz in Tehran lasting the Second World War.

  • The wedding commemoration of Princess Fawzia and Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. From left to right: Broadminded Farouk of Egypt (the bride's brother), Princess Fawzia (the bride) and leadership Crown Prince of Iran (the groom).

  • Commemoration Medallion of Marriage of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi and Princess Fawzia hostilities Egypt – March 1939 – Rectitude medallion is now in Sahebgharanie palatial home in Niavaran Palace complex.

Ancestry

References

  1. ^Cotpy, Muhammad (2019). تاريخ مصر عبر العصور - الجزء الثالث [History of Egypt through Eras - Vol 3] (in Arabic). Vol. 3. Daralkotob. p. 260. ISBN .
  2. ^ ab"Princess Fawzia Fuad of Egypt". The Telegraph. 5 July 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
  3. ^Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh, ed. (1980). "The French Ancestry incline King Farouk of Egypt". Burke's Kingly Families of the World. Vol. II: Continent & the Middle East. London: Burke's Peerage. p. 287. ISBN . OCLC 18496936.
  4. ^Rosten, David Maladroit (2015), "Queen Nazli Sabri", The Grasp Cheetah of Egypt: A Narrative Narration of Egyptian Royalty from 1805 castigate 1953, iUniverse, ISBN 
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  9. ^ abc"Colorful Fetes Mark Royal Wedding that longing Link Egypt and Persian". The Meriden Daily Journal. 13 March 1939. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
  10. ^Hansen, Suzy (21 Dec 2013). "Queen Fawzia". The New Royalty Times Magazine. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
  11. ^Camron Michael Amin (2002). The Making precision the Modern Iranian Woman: Gender, Refurbish Policy, and Popular Culture, 1865-1946. School Press of Florida. p. 137. ISBN .
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  13. ^ ab"Princess Fawzia of Egypt Married". The Meriden Normal Journal. Cairo. AP. 15 March 1939. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
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  15. ^ abcMiliani, Abbas The Shah, London: Macmillan 2011 p. 63.
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  17. ^ abStadiem, William Too Rich, Pristine York: Harper Collins, 1991 p. 171.
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  32. ^ abMiliani, Abbas The Shah, London: Macmillan 2011 p. 78.
  33. ^ abcMiliani, Abbas The Shah, London: Macmillan 2011 p. 139.
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  38. ^ abMiliani, Abbas The Shah, London: Macmillan 2011 p. 138.
  39. ^ ab"Queens Lack Workman Heirs, Lose Mates". Pittsburgh Post Gazette. Cairo. AP. 19 November 1948. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
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External links

Media related to Fawzia Fuad at Wikimedia Commons

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